PEMBATALAN PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI TANAH AKIBAT WANPRESTASI DALAM PELUNASAN HARGA DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 316/PDT.G/2023/PN.MDN)

Abstract

The land sale and purchase agreement is a reciprocal contract that creates rights and obligations for the parties. In practice, such agreements often give rise to disputes due to the buyer’s failure to fulfill the obligation to pay the purchase price in full, which ultimately constitutes a breach of contract. This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of the cancellation of land sale and purchase agreements due to breach of contract, the legal consequences arising therefrom, and the legal considerations of judges in the Decision of the Medan District Court Number 316/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mdn. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively using deductive reasoning. The results of the study indicate that the cancellation of a land sale and purchase agreement due to breach of contract has a strong legal basis in the Indonesian Civil Code, particularly Articles 1238, 1266, and 1267. The legal consequences of cancellation include the termination of the contractual relationship, the obligation to return performances that have been rendered, and the restoration of the legal status of the land to the entitled party. The judges’ legal considerations in the decision are deemed to have consistently applied civil law principles and to be oriented toward justice and legal protection for the aggrieved party.