MONITORING PENYIMPANAN DAN PE NYALURAN ENERGI LISTRIK PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) BERBASIS ANDROID

Abstract

Solar Power Plants (PLTS) represent one of the most environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy solutions, offering significant potential to support the transition toward national energy independence. However, their utilization faces several challenges, including fluctuations in solar radiation intensity, limitations in energy storage capacity, and the need for accurate monitoring systems to ensure optimal efficiency. This study aims to design and implement an Android-based monitoring system for energy storage and distribution in PLTS, supported by Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system was developed using a 10 Wp solar panel, a 12 V battery, an MPPT solar charge controller, a voltage sensor, an INA219 current sensor, and an ESP32 microcontroller connected to an Android application via Wi-Fi. The research employed an experimental method by comparing sensor measurement results with standard measuring instruments such as a multimeter and clamp meter. Monitoring tests were conducted under various weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, overcast, rainy) to evaluate their effects on battery storage performance and load distribution. The experimental results showed that the average measurement error was below 2%, demonstrating high accuracy. The Android application successfully displayed voltage, current, power, and battery capacity in real-time, allowing users to easily monitor and manage system performance.This study confirms that IoT integration in PLTS not only improves monitoring effectiveness and system reliability but also contributes to enhancing energy efficiency, extending device lifespan, and strengthening energy security based on renewable resources in Indonesia.