Abstract:
Solar Power Plants (PLTS) represent one of the most environmentally friendly and
sustainable renewable energy solutions, offering significant potential to support the
transition toward national energy independence. However, their utilization faces
several challenges, including fluctuations in solar radiation intensity, limitations in
energy storage capacity, and the need for accurate monitoring systems to ensure
optimal efficiency. This study aims to design and implement an Android-based
monitoring system for energy storage and distribution in PLTS, supported by
Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system was developed using a 10 Wp solar
panel, a 12 V battery, an MPPT solar charge controller, a voltage sensor, an
INA219 current sensor, and an ESP32 microcontroller connected to an Android
application via Wi-Fi. The research employed an experimental method by
comparing sensor measurement results with standard measuring instruments such
as a multimeter and clamp meter. Monitoring tests were conducted under various
weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, overcast, rainy) to evaluate their effects on
battery storage performance and load distribution. The experimental results
showed that the average measurement error was below 2%, demonstrating high
accuracy. The Android application successfully displayed voltage, current, power,
and battery capacity in real-time, allowing users to easily monitor and manage
system performance.This study confirms that IoT integration in PLTS not only
improves monitoring effectiveness and system reliability but also contributes to
enhancing energy efficiency, extending device lifespan, and strengthening energy
security based on renewable resources in Indonesia.
