The Use of Politeness Strategies by The Prospective Vice Presidential Candidates of The Indonesia 2024 Election

Abstract

This research aims to find out the types of politeness strategies used by the prospective vice presidential candidates of the Indonesia 2024 election, find out the dominant type used by the vice presidential candidates, and describe the reasons why the vice presidential candidates in 2024 more dominantly use this type of politeness strategies in minimizing the occurrence of face-threatening actions (FTA). The research instrument used an indicator table that refers to Brown & Levinson's theory (1989). The research design used in this study is qualitative, with a qualitative descriptive research methodology to provide a thorough and in-depth explanation of a phenomenon without requiring complete theoretical interpretation or analysis (Creswell & Creswell, 2017). This type of research is document analysis where researcher analyzes the candidates' statements obtained from the transcription of the 2024 Indonesian Vice Presidential Debate. The data analysis technique used by the researcher uses four steps, namely 1) Data Collection, 2) Data Reduction, 3) Data Presentation, and then 4) Data Conclusion: withdrawal/verification. Findings from data analysis show that the types of politeness strategies used are positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, Bald On Record, And Off-Record. From the data obtained, the researcher found that Positive Politeness is more dominant among other strategies. This is because this strategy works well to maintain social relationships, increase communication comfort, and foster empathy and collaboration. Therefore, the vice presidential candidates used it more frequently throughout the debate.