Phonological Acquisition on 2 And 3 Years Old Children

Abstract

The aim of this research were: 1. to find out the speech sounds produced by 2 and 3 years old children, 2. to explain how the phonological process of the speech sounds produced. The data of this research was taken 4 children from Jln.Sei Mencirim Sunggal. Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Sumatera Utara. The first 2 years old children is Fauzan, lives at Jln. Pasar 5 Sei Mencirim Sunggal. And the second 2 years old children is Nurul, lives at jln. Pasar 4 Sei Mencirim Sunggal. The first 3 years old children is Fadil, lives at Gg. Cimandiri Paya Bakung Dusun 3 Hilir. And the second 3 years old children is Kaisa, lives at Pasar 4 Sei Mencirim Sunggal. This study applied qualitative descriptive method. The techniques for collecting the data were observation, the observation conducted for time period of one month. Based on the observation, Fauzan produced 7 vocals [a, i, u, e, o, ¶, , e] and 13 consonants [b, c, d, h, k, l, m, n, ŋ, p, t, w, y], and Nurul produced 7 vocals [a, i, u, e, o, ¶, e] and 15 consonants [b, d, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, ŋ, p, t, w, y]. Fadil produced 8 vocals [a, i, u, e, o, ¶, , e] and 16 consonants [b, c, d, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, ŋ, p, s, t, w, y], and Kaisa produced 7 vocals, [a, i, u, e, o, ¶, e] and 16 consonants [b, c, d, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, ŋ, p, s, t, w, y]. In this research, it was found that the phonological processes produced by the children are: Substitution, Assimilation and Syllable Structure. It was concluded that the development of phonological acquisition on 2 and 3 years old children vary depending on the children’s age and family environment